Unauthorized Transaction 

An unauthorized transaction is a transaction initiated without the account holder’s permission or knowledge. This typically includes fraud scenarios where credentials are compromised.

Fraud vs Dispute 

Fraud refers to unauthorized activity, while disputes can include authorized transactions where the customer contests quality, amount, or fulfillment.

Chargeback Lifecycle 

The chargeback lifecycle includes initiation, submission to the network, merchant response (representment), and final resolution.

Merchant Credit 

A merchant credit is a refund issued directly by the merchant, which may resolve a dispute without requiring chargeback processing.

Merchant Credit 

A merchant credit is a refund issued directly by the merchant, which may resolve a dispute without requiring chargeback processing.

Investigation Documentation 

Investigation documentation includes all case notes, evidence, and rationale used to support a dispute decision.